What Are the Pros and Cons of Health Savings Accounts?

Q: My company recently began offering a Healthfor those seeking tax breaks. If the savings are
Savings Account (HSA) available to all theused for qualified medical expenses, the entire
employees. Why are employers throughout Newamount can be withdrawn free of taxes. Yes -
Jersey rolling out these plans? What are the prosthat is right, free of taxes. If the savings are
and cons of a HSA?used for other purposes, the withdrawal is taxed
The Problem - Healthcare Costs. If you think risingas income and accessed a 10% penalty (if under
healthcare costs are only the insurance company'sthe age of 65). At age 65, when Medicare begins,
problem or your employer's problem, think again.withdrawals are only taxed as income at your
Most employees pay 10%-90% of theirthen tax rate. All interest, gains and dividends in a
healthcare costs, when all costs are included. All itHSA are sheltered from taxation - allowing all
takes is a quick review of your pay stub overearnings to compound on a tax-advantaged basis.
the last few years to see that the insuranceUnused balances can be rolled over from year to
companies are passing on increasing healthcareyear. Many employees view the HSA as a
costs to employers and employers are passing onretirement plan - providing them a
these costs to employees. Healthcare costs havetax-advantaged way to save for retirement
risen 8%-10% each year over the last threeabove and beyond their 401(k) and their Individual
years and are likely to grow two to three timesRetirement Account (IRA).
the rate of inflation for the foreseeable future.A Win for Employees, Employers and Insurers.
Compounding the Problem - New JerseyBecause the HSA is based on a high deductible
Insurance Laws. Almost every state in the U.S.insurance plan the employee takes on a higher
can deny individuals coverage through thelevel of responsibility and risk for medical
underwriting process. New Jersey is one of onlyexpenses than a traditional insurance policy.
five states in the U.S. that provides forEmployees who run their family to the doctor
"guaranteed issue" - which guarantees healthoffice every time someone has the sniffles
coverage, regardless of health status, age, claims(because the visit only costs them $10, while the
history, or any other risk factor. Although thisinsurance company pays the remaining $65 under
may be considered a blessing, it is an expensivea traditional plan) will think twice when they pay
blessing. Almost by definition, this increases thethe full $75 out of their own pocket under a HSA.
cost of insurance coverage for everyone in theThat said, those out of pocket costs are all with
state to account for those who use the benefitspre-tax dollars that were contributed to the HSA.
most.By utilizing a HSA employers can reduce their
The Solution - Health Savings Account. Just apremium costs by as much as 50%, passing
quick background on Health Savings Accountmost or all of those savings directly to the
(HSA) and how it works. Established as part ofemployees. Many employers, particularly in
the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and"guarantee issue" states like New Jersey, are
Modernization Act of 2003, the HSA is a hybridimplementing a HAS based on these benefits.
between health insurance and a retirement plan.Action Steps - Implement a Health Savings
The HSA was established so savings used forAccount. Implement a HSA for your company or
qualified medical expenses for yourself, or anyoneask your employer to implement one. With health
you claim as a spouse or dependent would becare costs increasing faster than wage increases,
free from taxes. Qualified medical expensesemployees are bearing more and more of the
include: medical doctors, dental and optical care,cost burden. A HSA provides a pre-tax means to
chiropractic care, long-term care, and Medicarecontribute towards an account that will grow over
Part A or Part B and Medicare HMO insurancetime, with the option to use the money for
premiums. Unqualified medical expenses include:medical expenses on a tax-free basis or for any
cosmetic surgery, health club dues, nonprescriptionpurpose in retirement on a penalty free basis.
drugs and medicines and funeral expenses.Implementing a HSA saves money for all those
A contribution to a HSA is only permitted if theinvolved and forces employees to be more
health insurance accompanying it has a deductibleresponsible with their own savings.
(your out of pocket expense) of at least $1,100While the healthcare problem is not going away
for individual coverage or $2,200 for familysoon, the HSA provides one powerful tool to
coverage. The current contribution limit per yearcombat the problem. When it comes to important
is $2,850 for individual coverage or $5,650 foremployee benefits, speak with a licensed financial
family coverage. Those 55 and older canprofessional before making irreversible decisions
contribute an additional $800 in 2007.that may haunt you for years to come.
Contributions are all pre-tax, a tremendous benefit