Legal Issues with Electronic Medical Records

>Patient Privacy
When medical practices change over from paperDo you remember when the HIPAA first
to electronic medical records (EMR), steps mustappeared on the scene? No more can you even
be taken to ensure that the records remain legallykeep a patient check-in form at the front desk,
sound. The change to electronic medical recordsor risk having a patient learn who else had been in
brings up some issues with compliance, privacy,on that day. The penalty could include jail time.
and security. Below you will find some importantUndue Burden
considerations to make when switching yourSome recent legal cases have established that
practice over to EMR.data which is accessible must be able to be
When writing and exam on a piece of paper andproduced, including backup data. Although this may
signing it, you create a legal document. You areseem an unfair burden for a medical practice,
most likely familiar with the problems that canexperts dealing with these sort of legal cases
result from changes to medical records, and thebelieve that EMR will result in a decrease of
importance of good documentation. Themalpractice suits, as as result of better
Healthcare Information and Management Systemsdocumentation and a lower rate of
Society (HIMSS) asserts that electronic medicalmedication-related mistakes. Even so, if data is
records must be stored legally. Otherwise, thesekept on a failed hard drive, and the costs of
records can be challenged as hearsay andrecovering the data is significant, it could create
deemed invalid.an undue burden; judges could rule that the
This is important, because when electronic medicalexpense be shared between the two parties.
records do not meet the legal requirements, aAccessibility
payor can sometimes deny a claim. Also, youIn the world of paper records, charts that are
could create the risk of an adverse outcome inmore than seven years old that were purged are
litigation. In addition to being sure your electronicconsidered legally 'inaccessible.' If a plaintiff's
records aren't altered, you must also be able toattorney asks you to produce the record, it is
demonstrate the procedures which are used toimpossible. When it comes to electronic
ensure this.information, however, inaccessibility could be more
How, then, can you be sure your electronicdifficult to prove, as electronic data can almost
records can't be altered? Ask yourself thealways be recovered. In fact, most of the current
following questions:EMR software systems don't even let a provider
Does the system keep a record of who isdelete patient records.
accessing and writing to the record? You wouldn'tE-Discovery
want your name appearing as the author ofDiscovery is the pre-trial phase in a lawsuit. Each
another user's entry.party can compel production of evidence by
Does it contain a security protocol which is strictmeans of a subpoena or a deposition. E-Discovery
but not too time consuming? Features couldrefers to information saved in an electronic
include an automatic time-out after a period offormat. The collection of digital evidence has even
inactivity, and periodic changes to thespawned the field of cyberforensics. This column
alphanumeric passwords.cannot adequately cover a topic as broad as
Does it use a secure 'lock-out' feature? PerhapsE-Discovery. The bottom line for medical practices
the doctors could be able to make changes at theis that a reliable and secure backup process is a
end of the day, but after a certain amount ofmust.
time has passed the record should lock.Eventually, rational minds emerged victorious, and
Does the system write time stamps on all entriessome of the more inane regulations have relaxed
to show an audit trail? For example, the systema bit. There are still privacy issues which are
could write an unalterable draft of each event andspecific to the electronic aspects of medicine, in
entry.regard to inappropriate disclosure of patients' data.
By paying attention to these importantAn unauthorized email, unsecured wireless
considerations, you'll be on your way to ensuringnetwork, a computer monitor left on in view of
your electronic medical records system is legalanother patient are some prime examples.
and usable.