| upational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) | | | | Employee involvement in the structure and |
| has issued voluntary protection program | | | | operation of the program and in decisions that |
| management guidelines to encourage employers | | | | affect their safety and health, to make full use of |
| to do more than just comply with regulations to | | | | their insight and energy. |
| prevent occupational injuries and illnesses. Although | | | | " Assignment of responsibilities for all aspects of |
| compliance with the law, including specific OSHA | | | | the program, so that managers, supervisors, and |
| standards, is an important objective, an effective | | | | employees in all parts of the organization know |
| corporate safety program looks beyond specific | | | | what performance is expected of them. |
| requirements of law to address all hazards. It | | | | " Provision of adequate authority and resources |
| seeks to prevent injuries and illnesses, whether or | | | | to responsible parties, so that assigned |
| not compliance is an issue. | | | | responsibilities can be met. |
| This is precisely what some of the best | | | | " Holding managers, supervisors, and employees |
| workplace safety consulting firms are doing. Health | | | | accountable for meeting their responsibilities, so |
| and safety management system standards | | | | that essential tasks will be performed. |
| guidelines are important for corporate safety and | | | | " Annual reviews of program operations to |
| health consultants to establish. These safety | | | | evaluate their success in meeting the goal and |
| management practices are compiled, applied, and | | | | objectives, so that deficiencies can be identified |
| finally advocated by safety and health | | | | and the program and/or the objectives can be |
| professionals and consultants representing | | | | revised when the goal and objectives are not |
| corporations, professional associations, and labor | | | | met. |
| unions. As a result, these guidelines are used to | | | | Worksite Analysis. This includes: |
| promote workplace safety through the use of | | | | " Identification of all hazards by conducting |
| effective and comprehensive safety audits. | | | | baseline worksite surveys for safety and health |
| The health and safety management guidelines call | | | | as well as periodic comprehensive update surveys. |
| for systematic identification, evaluation, and | | | | Also included would be an analysis of planned and |
| prevention or control of general workplace | | | | new facilities, processes, materials, and equipment; |
| hazards, specific job hazards, and potential | | | | and another of routine job hazards. |
| hazards which may arise from foreseeable | | | | " Regular site safety and health inspections, so |
| conditions. Additionally, the extent to which a | | | | that new and/or previously missed failures in |
| safety management system's program is | | | | hazard controls are identified. |
| described in writing is less important than how | | | | " A reliable system to encourage employees, |
| effective it is in practice. As the size of a | | | | without fear of reprisal, to notify management |
| worksite or the complexity of a hazardous | | | | personnel about conditions that appear hazardous |
| operation increases, however, the need for | | | | and to receive timely and appropriate responses. |
| written guidance increases to ensure clear | | | | Investigation of accidents and "near miss" |
| communication of policies and priorities and | | | | incidents, so that their causes and means for |
| consistent and fair application of rules. For this | | | | prevention are identified. |
| reason, it is vital for organizations to seek the | | | | " Analysis of injury and illness trends over |
| guidance of an industrial occupational health and | | | | extended periods so that patterns with common |
| safety firm. By relying on a safety organization's | | | | causes can be identified and prevented. |
| expertise, a company can effectively prepare for | | | | Hazard Prevention and Control. This calls for: |
| OSHA's Voluntary Protection Program (VPP). Since | | | | " Procedures that ensure that all current and |
| safety consulting firms conduct comprehensive | | | | potential hazards are corrected in a timely manner |
| audits with an emphasis on solutions-oriented | | | | through engineering techniques where appropriate; |
| recommendations for program improvement, | | | | safe work practices understood and followed by |
| companies become more aware of specific | | | | all parties; provision of personal protective |
| factors that put their employees health and | | | | equipment; and administrative controls, such as |
| safety at risk as well as the actions that need to | | | | reducing the duration of exposure. |
| be taken to promote a safer work environment. | | | | Safety and Health Training. This includes training |
| Major elements of an effective occupational | | | | to: |
| safety and health program include: | | | | " Ensure that all employees understand the |
| Management Commitment and Employee | | | | hazards to which they may be exposed and how |
| Involvement. This calls for: | | | | to prevent harm to themselves and others. |
| " A worksite policy on safe and healthful work | | | | " Confirm that supervisors and managers |
| and working conditions clearly stated so that all | | | | understand their responsibilities and the reasons |
| personnel with responsibility at the site and | | | | for them so they can carry out their |
| personnel at other locations with responsibility for | | | | responsibilities effectively. |
| the site understand the priority of safety and | | | | The most effective workplace safety specialists |
| health protection in relation to other organizational | | | | help companies (internationally, nationally, and |
| values. | | | | locally) continuously improve their safety |
| " A clear goal for the safety and health program | | | | management systems through comprehensive |
| and objectives for meeting that goal so that all | | | | auditing where a team of highly qualified/certified |
| members of the organization understand the | | | | safety and health professionals review the clients' |
| results desired and the measures planned for | | | | organization in terms of OSHA compliance, safety |
| achieving them. | | | | programs, training systems, etc and recommend |
| " Top management involvement in implementing | | | | corrective action and management process |
| the program so that all will understand that | | | | improvements as they relate to occupational |
| management's commitment is serious. | | | | safety and health. |