Helicobacter pylori Test

article_content">carbon is absorbed by the stomach and enters
Helicobacter pylori can be detected using ureathe blood stream. From there it goes to the lungs
breath test. This is a simple test to diagnose theand is ultimately eliminated from the body in the
presence of bacteria in the stomach. Thus, it canform of carbon dioxide through breath.
also be used to exhibit the effectiveness ofThe patient has to swallow a capsule with a
antibiotics. Urea breath tests are the preferredcarbon isotope (carbon 13 or carbon 14). The test
form of Helicobacter pylori tests and highlythat involves use of non-radioactive isotope
endorsed by medical society guidelines, becausecarbon 13 is called 13C Urea Breath test. When
they are non-invasive in nature and don’tsamples of exhaled breath are collected, the
involve any complications. There are two types ofquantity of the isotopic carbon is measured using
urea breath tests — 14C and 13C based.an analytical instrument. The carbon 14 is
While 14C is radioactive, 13C is not and thereforemeasured by scintillation. Normally, pre and post
completely safe. This will be discussed in detaildose samples of the breath are taken with a gap
later on.of 15 minutes between them. The pre dose
Urea breath tests don’t lead tosample is considered the base line reading. The
unnecessary treatment by antibiotics that candetection of carbon in the breath indicates
cause antibiotic resistance to build up. Serologypresence of H. pylori in the stomach. The patient
tests, on the other hand, are incapable ofis advised not to eat anything or take any
distinguishing between inactive and active bacteriamedicines at least 6 hours prior to the test as this
and thus, may lead to unnecessary treatment. Incan alter the results.
fact, with serology tests, approximately 1 in 5This particular Helicobacter pylori test allows for
patients is diagnosed incorrectly.easy follow-up after treatment that leads to
Normally, urea is eliminated from the bodybetter patient management. The only problem of
through urine but H. pylori have the ability tothis test is that it is not available widely.
break down urea into carbon and nitrogen. This