| Health System in China is developing rapidly. It has | | | | One of the issues of health system is prevention |
| made great achievements and provided benefits | | | | the disease. Before we start talking this issue in |
| to many Chinese people. However, the existing | | | | China, we need to have a general idea of it. |
| system has some problems that we have to | | | | Prevention is implemented in three different levels |
| face and solve. My paper will show the structure | | | | called "Three Levels of Preventions". |
| of this health system; how is it financed; how | | | | The Primary Prevention: it is taken as a primordial |
| does the prevention work and also some health | | | | prevention in order to avoid the danger of the |
| issues. I will find and discuss the problems found in | | | | disease. From a large view, every country takes |
| these fields. | | | | primary prevention to minimize the latent |
| When discussing the health system in a country, | | | | threatens of disease considering the national |
| we are going to look at many different aspects. | | | | development. The third aim of primary prevention |
| Just like every skyscraper needs the support of | | | | is to prevent the disease effect on a human's |
| groundwork, a health system is largely influenced | | | | body. |
| by its structure. The stability of the structure | | | | The Secondary Prevention: it means to discover; |
| decides whether the health system will run | | | | diagnose and treat in clinical forepart. As each |
| effectively or not. So today let's start with the | | | | disease takes a long period of time. So it will be |
| structure of the health system in my country | | | | beneficial to take early medical treatment before |
| China first. | | | | it goes worse. The best way of secondary |
| There is a proper description about the structure | | | | prevention is propaganda and education. It is also |
| of Chinese health system. It says that the health | | | | necessary to improve the diagnostic skills of |
| system is structured by a three-ladder net. It is | | | | doctors. The Tertiary Prevention: it is a kind of |
| correct as we follow the mode of "Central | | | | prevention during the clinical treatment. The |
| Ministry----Urban Ministry----Rural Department". | | | | prevention is taken to stop the disease becoming |
| These three ladders are the stanchions of the | | | | worse, to reduce the syndromes and deformity. |
| health system and they also manage several | | | | For those patients of serious diseases or some |
| different branches: health administration; health | | | | one who has lost labor ability or even is |
| research and development department; health | | | | handicapped, the aim of tertiary prevention is to |
| prevention and protection department; health | | | | make them available to some light works and to |
| education department and the department in | | | | prolong their lives. |
| charges of the management, distribution and | | | | The prevention work in China is urgent and |
| inspection of pharmacy and other equipment. | | | | necessary. Former experiences show the |
| Every department is leaded by the upper level | | | | achievements and also point out the problems |
| and is responsible for different fields of health in | | | | during the work. These years with the leading by |
| order to maximize the working efficiency. | | | | national disease prevention center and effective |
| However in these years, the structure of the | | | | implementation of local departments, we have |
| Chinese health system has changed a lot. Now it | | | | some great achievements. |
| does not look like ladders. People give it another | | | | In the primary level, the danger of disease is fully |
| visual description------an upside-down pyramid. | | | | recognized, the government is taking action aiming |
| Why? It is mainly because of the unbalance of | | | | at putting the disease prevention into effect on |
| the structure and overmuch using of facilities and | | | | everyone no matter sick or not. All different |
| human resources. Nowadays in China, most health | | | | health levels have also used effective methods |
| facilities centralizes in urban areas, while at the | | | | such as regular medical examinations to every |
| same time there are only less than 8.9% in rural | | | | one. All these work are important to prevent the |
| areas. The resources I've mentioned include most | | | | disease before it occurs. Also, we have stopped |
| of the resources in health system such as | | | | variola, leprosy and some other disease in our |
| financing, hospitals and clinics, health insurance and | | | | country. |
| human resources. I would like to say something | | | | In the secondary level, propaganda and education |
| more about human resources. Every year, we | | | | are put much more attention. A recent example |
| have more than 100,000 new medical workers | | | | is the national health promotion event. It is the |
| however we are still facing the deficiency of | | | | biggest national activity. In fast three years, this |
| medical workers in rural areas. There are only | | | | event was hold in 23 provinces especially in 460 |
| 2.7% professional medical workers in rural areas | | | | rural areas. There were over 8000 hospitals and |
| now. The denseness in urban areas and the | | | | 33000 doctors educated during the time, over |
| deficiency in rural areas have become a livid | | | | 3,000,000 people got benefits from the event. |
| contrast. They just like the top and the bottom | | | | In the tertiary level, we also have some |
| of the health system and make it like a pyramid. | | | | achievements. After hard prevention, we have |
| This kind of structure causes serious social | | | | successfully controlled the death rate of heart and |
| problems. | | | | cerebrovascular disease. And the living rates of |
| Next, let's talk about how the health systems are | | | | one, three and five years of liver cancer patient |
| financed. | | | | are up to 74.1%, 43.5% and 21.2%. |
| The financing of Chinese health system largely | | | | Although we have these achievements, our |
| depends on the bankroll of government for a long | | | | country is still facing some hard issues. The |
| time. And it is almost the only way. | | | | minister of health said in this year we still have |
| These years, with the rising of health service cost | | | | some problems in preventing fateful epidemic |
| and medicine price, people seem to be less | | | | disease. The existing problems are: lack cognition |
| affordable to get health services. For example, | | | | of epidemic disease; prevention is less efficient |
| the one-off expense of outpatient and inpatient | | | | and the feedback of the epidemic situation is not |
| rises from 10.9RMB and 473.3RMB to 79RMB and | | | | timely especially from rural areas. |
| 2891RMB separately from 1996 to 2006. Facing | | | | One major health issue is about children's health. |
| this abyss, the funds from government is not | | | | We regard children as our future, so their health |
| enough to fill it. May be it is time to change our | | | | level is closely linked to our nation's development. |
| mind. Some experts suggest that we should | | | | Our prevention work on children's health these |
| welcome social financing into the health system. | | | | years has some achievement. We have |
| The government has also realized this, now they | | | | successfully reduced the infant mortality to 2.84% |
| are trying to find out the way to restrict the | | | | since 2004 and have over 95% cover rate of |
| social financing and let them be am active role in | | | | bacterin inoculation in most areas. However, we |
| their part. | | | | are still facing some issues. |