| Diabetes affects the manner in which the
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| | average amounts of insulin, but the cells
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| body handles digested carbohydrates. If
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| | of the body have become unresponsive to
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| neglected, diabetes can cause serious
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| | its effect due to the chronically high
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| health complications, ranging from
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| | level of the hormone. Eventually the
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| blindness to kidney failure.Approximately
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| | pancreas may exhaust its over-active
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| 8% of the population in the United States
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| | secretion of the hormone, and insulin
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| has diabetes. This means that
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| | levels fall to below normal.A tendency
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| approximately 16 million people have been
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| | towards Type II diabetes is hereditary,
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| diagnosed with the disease, based only on
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| | but it is unlikely to develop in
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| national statistics. The American
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| | normal-weight individuals eating a low-
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| Diabetes Association estimates that
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| | or moderate-carbohydrate diet. Obese,
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| diabetes accounts for 178,000 deaths,
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| | sedentary individuals who eat
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| 54,000 amputees, and 12,000-24,000 cases
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| | poor-quality diets based on refined
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| of blindness annually. Blindness is 25
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| | starch, which constantly activates
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| times more common among diabetic patients
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| | pancreatic insulin secretion, are prone
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| compared to nondiabetics. It is proposed
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| | to develop insulin resistance. Native
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| that by the year 2010, diabetes will
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| | peoples such as North American Indians
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| exceed both heart disease and cancer as
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| | whose traditional diets did not include
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| the leading cause of death through its
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| | refined starch until its recent
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| many complications.Diabetics have a high
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| | introduction by Europeans have extremely
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| level of blood glucose. The blood sugar
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| | high rates of diabetes, up to 5 times the
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| level is regulated by insulin, a hormone
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| | rate of caucasians. Blacks and hispanics
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| produced by the pancreas, which releases
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| | are also at higher risk. Though Type II
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| it in response to food consumption.
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| | diabetes is not fatal within a matter of
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| Insulin causes the cells of the body to
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| | months, it can lead to health
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| take in glucose from the blood. The
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| | complications over several years and
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| glucose is used as fuel for cellular
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| | cause severe disability and premature
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| functions.Diagnostic standards for
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| | death. As with Type I diabetes, the
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| diabetes have been fasting plasma glucose
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| | condition is found primarily in one age
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| levels greater than 140 mg/dL on two
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| | group, in this case people over 40 (which
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| occasions and plasma glucose greater than
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| | is why it is often termed Adult Onset);
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| 200 mg/dL following a 75-gram glucose
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| | however, with the rise in childhood and
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| load. More recently, the American
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| | teenage obesity, it is appearing in
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| Diabetes Association lowered the criteria
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| | children as well.If neglected, diabetes
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| for a diabetes diagnosis to fasting
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| | can lead to life-threatening
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| plasma glucose levels equal to or greater
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| | complications such as kidney damage
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| than 126 mg/dL. Fasting plasma levels
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| | (nephropathy), heart disease, nerve
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| outside the normal limit require
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| | damage (neuropathy), retinal damage and
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| additional tests, usually by repeating
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| | blindness(retinopathy), and hypoglycemia
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| the fasting plasma glucose test and (if
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| | (drastic reduction in glucose levels).
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| indicated) giving the patient an oral
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| | Diabetes damages blood vessels,
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| glucose tolerance test.The symptoms of
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| | especially smaller end-arteries, leading
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| diabetes include excessive urination,
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| | to severe and premature atherosclerosis.
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| excessive thirst and hunger, sudden
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| | Diabetics are prone to foot problems
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| weight loss, blurred vision, delay in
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| | because neuropathy, which affects
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| healing of wounds, dry and itchy skin,
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| | approximately 10% of patients, causes
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| repeated infections, fatigue and
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| | their feet to lose sensation. Foot
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| headache. These symptoms, while
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| | injuries, common in day-to-day living, go
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| suggestive of diabetes, may be due to
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| | unnoticed, and these injuries do not heal
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| other reasons also.There are two
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| | because of poor circulation through the
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| different types of diabetes.Type I
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| | small arteries in the foot. Gangrene and
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| Diabetes (juvenile diabetes or
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| | subsequent amputation of toes or feet is
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| insulin-dependent diabetes): The cause of
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| | the consequence for many elderly patients
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| type I diabetes is caused by pancreatic
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| | with poorly-controlled diabetes. Usually
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| inability to produce insulin. It is
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| | these sequelae appear earlier in Type I
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| responsible for 5-10% of cases of
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| | than Type II diabetes, because Type II
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| diabetes. The pancreatic Islet of
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| | patients have some of their own insulin
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| Langerhans cells, which secrete the
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| | production left to buffer changes in
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| hormone, are destroyed by the body's own
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| | blood sugar levels.Type I diabetes is a
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| immune system, probably because it
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| | serious disease and there is no permanent
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| mistakes them for a virus. Viral
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| | cure for it. However, the symptoms can be
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| infections are thought to be the trigger
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| | controlled by strict dietary monitering
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| that sets off this auto-immune disease.
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| | and insulin injections. Implanted pumps
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| It is more common in caucasians and runs
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| | which release insulin immediately in
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| in families.If untreated, death occurs
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| | response to changes in blood glucose are
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| within a few months of the onset of
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| | in the testing stages.In theory, since it
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| juvenile diabetes, as the cells of the
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| | caused by diet, Type II diabetes should
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| body starve because they no longer
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| | be preventable and manageable by dietary
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| receive the hormonal prompt to take in
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| | changes alone, but in practice many
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| glucose. While most Type I diabetics are
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| | diabetics (and many obese people without
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| young (hence the term Juvenile Diabetes),
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| | diabetes) find it personally impossible
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| the condition can develop at any age.
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| | to lose weight or adhere to a healthy
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| Autoimmune diabetes can be definitely
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| | diet. Therefore they are frequently
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| diagnosed by a blood test which shows the
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| | treated with drugs which restore the
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| presence of anti-insulin/anti-islet-cell
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| | body's response to insulin, and in some
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| antibodies.Type II Diabetes (non insulin
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| | cases injections of insulin.Please note
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| dependent diabetes or adult onset
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| | that this article is not a subsitute for
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| diabetes): This diabetes is a result of
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| | medical advice. If you suspect you have
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| body tissues becoming resistant to
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| | diabetes or are in a high risk group,
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| insulin. It accounts for 90-95% of cases.
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| | please see your doctor.
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| Often the pancreas is producing more than
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